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2026 Retirement Planning Numbers: The Quick-Reference Guide

Ryan Langan
By Ryan Langan, CFP®6 min read

Updated August 19, 2026

These are the numbers that matter for retirement planning in 2026: no commentary, no opinions, just the figures, the source, and a link to the official document. Bookmark this page: we update it every year. Every section below links out to a fuller explainer if you want the strategy behind a particular number.

Social Security

Social Security figures for 2026, sourced to the Social Security Administration.

2026 cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)

Figure2026 Value2025 ValueSource
Cost-of-living adjustment (COLA)2.8%2.5%SSA 2026 COLA Fact Sheet

The 2.8% COLA applies to benefits payable beginning January 2026, described by the SSA as the increase from December 2025 benefits to the amount payable in January 2026.

Taxable wage base

Figure2026 Value2025 Value (for comparison)Source
Maximum taxable earnings (OASDI)$184,500$176,100SSA Contribution and Benefit Base

Medicare taxable earnings have no cap.

Full retirement age by birth year

Year of birthFull retirement age
1943 to 195466
195566 and 2 months
195666 and 4 months
195766 and 6 months
195866 and 8 months
195966 and 10 months
1960 or later67

Source: SSA Normal Retirement Age.

Delayed retirement credits

FigureValueSource
Delayed retirement credit (born 1943 or later)8.0% per year (two-thirds of 1% per month)SSA Delayed Retirement Credits
Maximum age for delayed creditsAge 70, when credits stop accruingSame source

Average monthly benefit

Figure2026 ValueSource
Average monthly retirement benefit (all retired workers, Jan 2026)$2,071SSA 2026 COLA Fact Sheet

This is the average after the 2.8% COLA is applied. Individual benefits vary based on earnings history and claiming age.

Retirement earnings test limits

If you claim Social Security before full retirement age and continue working, SSA withholds benefits above these limits:

Situation2026 Annual LimitWithholding RateSource
Below full retirement age for the entire year$24,480$1 withheld for every $2 earned above the limitSSA: Receiving Benefits While Working
In the year you reach full retirement age (months before FRA month)$65,160$1 withheld for every $3 earned above the limitSame source
Beginning the month you reach full retirement ageNo limitNoneSame source

Benefits withheld due to the earnings test are not lost. They are added back to your monthly benefit after you reach full retirement age.

For the strategy behind when to claim, read: Should you claim Social Security at 62, 67, or 70? If you've lost a spouse, or you're divorced after a long marriage, also see Social Security survivor benefits: what widows and widowers need to know.

Required Minimum Distributions (RMDs)

RMD rules and life expectancy factors for 2026, sourced to IRS Publication 590-B and IRS retirement topics guidance.

RMD start age schedule

Birth yearRMD start ageNotes
1950 or earlier72Already in progress
1951 to 195973First RMD due by April 1 of the year after turning 73
1960 or later75First RMD due by April 1 of the year after turning 75, effective 2033

Source: IRS Retirement Topics, Required Minimum Distributions. For 2026, the applicable RMD age is 73. The age 75 rule takes effect January 1, 2033.

This is the table most account owners use for their own IRA and workplace plan RMDs. Divide your December 31 account balance by the factor for your age.

IRS Uniform Lifetime Table (Table III)

AgeDistribution factor
7326.5
7425.5
7524.6
7623.7
7722.9
7822.0
7921.1
8020.2
8119.4
8218.5
8317.7
8416.8
8516.0
8615.2
8714.4
8813.7
8912.9
9012.2
9111.5
9210.8
9310.1
949.5
958.9

Source: IRS Publication 590-B, Appendix B, Table III. Use Table II (Joint and Last Survivor) if your spouse is your sole beneficiary and more than 10 years younger. Use Table I (Single Life) for inherited accounts. Roth IRAs have no lifetime RMDs for the original owner.

For the strategy behind Roth conversions before RMDs begin, read: Roth Conversion Window Before RMDs. If you're deciding what to do with an old employer plan, see What to do with your 401(k) when you retire.

Medicare

Medicare premiums and IRMAA surcharges for 2026, sourced to CMS.

Standard premiums

Figure2026 Value2025 ValueSource
Part B standard monthly premium$202.90$185.00CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B Premiums
Part D base beneficiary premium$38.99 per monthN/ACMS Part C & D Announcement

Part D actual premiums vary by plan. The $38.99 figure is the CMS-published base beneficiary premium; your plan's premium may differ.

IRMAA is a surcharge added to standard Medicare premiums for higher-income beneficiaries. It's based on your 2024 modified adjusted gross income (MAGI) from your tax return, two years before the premium year.

IRMAA brackets, single filers (2026)

2024 MAGI (individual)Part B IRMAA surchargeTotal Part B premiumPart D IRMAA surcharge
$109,000 or less$0.00$202.90$0.00
Over $109,000 to $137,000$81.20$284.10$14.50
Over $137,000 to $171,000$202.90$405.80$37.50
Over $171,000 to $205,000$324.60$527.50$60.40
Over $205,000 to $499,999$446.30$649.20$83.30
$500,000 or more$487.00$689.90$91.00

Source: CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B Premiums and Deductibles, released November 14, 2025 and updated August 14, 2026. The Part D IRMAA surcharge is added to your plan premium; it does not replace it.

IRMAA brackets, married filing jointly (2026)

2024 MAGI (joint)Part B IRMAA surchargeTotal Part B premiumPart D IRMAA surcharge
$218,000 or less$0.00$202.90$0.00
Over $218,000 to $274,000$81.20$284.10$14.50
Over $274,000 to $342,000$202.90$405.80$37.50
Over $342,000 to $410,000$324.60$527.50$60.40
Over $410,000 to $749,999$446.30$649.20$83.30
$750,000 or more$487.00$689.90$91.00

Source: CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B Premiums and Deductibles, released November 14, 2025 and updated August 14, 2026. The Part D IRMAA surcharge is added to your plan premium; it does not replace it.

Medicare Part A costs (2026)

Figure2026 ValueSource
Inpatient hospital deductible (per benefit period)$1,736CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B Premiums
Hospital coinsurance (days 61-90)$434 per daySame source
Lifetime reserve days (days 91-150)$868 per daySame source
Skilled nursing facility coinsurance (days 21-100)$217 per daySame source
Part A monthly premium (30-39 quarters)$311Same source
Part A monthly premium (fewer than 30 quarters)$565Same source

Approximately 99% of beneficiaries do not pay a Part A premium because they have at least 40 quarters of Medicare-covered employment. Source: CMS MLN Matters MM14279.

For the strategy behind avoiding IRMAA cliffs, read: Medicare IRMAA explained: what triggers it and how to avoid the cliffs.

Taxes

2026 federal income tax figures for retirees, sourced to IRS Revenue Procedure 2025-32.

2026 standard deduction

Filing status2026 Standard deduction2025 Standard deduction
Single$16,100$15,500
Married filing separately$16,100$15,500
Head of household$24,150$23,200
Married filing jointly / Qualifying surviving spouse$32,200$30,700

Source: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32.

Additional standard deduction for age 65 or older

Filing statusAdditional amount
Married or qualifying surviving spouse$1,650
Unmarried (not a surviving spouse)$2,050

Source: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32.

There's also a new senior deduction for 2025 through 2028. Eligible taxpayers age 65 or older may claim an additional deduction of up to $6,000 per qualifying individual, or $12,000 for a married couple when both spouses qualify. It phases out once modified AGI exceeds $75,000 (single) or $150,000 (joint), and it's separate from the age-based additional standard deduction above.

2026 federal income tax brackets, single filers

Tax rateTaxable income
10%Up to $12,400
12%Over $12,400 to $50,400
22%Over $50,400 to $105,700
24%Over $105,700 to $201,775
32%Over $201,775 to $256,225
35%Over $256,225 to $640,600
37%Over $640,600

2026 federal income tax brackets, married filing jointly and qualifying surviving spouses

Tax rateTaxable income
10%Up to $24,800
12%Over $24,800 to $100,800
22%Over $100,800 to $211,400
24%Over $211,400 to $403,550
32%Over $403,550 to $512,450
35%Over $512,450 to $768,700
37%Over $768,700

2026 federal income tax brackets, head of household

Tax rateTaxable income
10%Up to $17,700
12%Over $17,700 to $67,450
22%Over $67,450 to $105,700
24%Over $105,700 to $201,750
32%Over $201,750 to $256,200
35%Over $256,200 to $640,600
37%Over $640,600

2026 federal income tax brackets, married filing separately

Tax rateTaxable income
10%Up to $12,400
12%Over $12,400 to $50,400
22%Over $50,400 to $105,700
24%Over $105,700 to $201,775
32%Over $201,775 to $256,225
35%Over $256,225 to $640,600
37%Over $640,600

Source: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32. These are marginal rates on taxable income after deductions, not on gross income.

For the strategy behind using these brackets deliberately, read: Roth conversions in your 60s: a quiet way to keep more.

Retirement Account Contribution Limits (2026)

Contribution limits for retirement savings accounts in 2026, sourced to IRS cost-of-living adjustments.

Account type2026 Limit2025 Limit (for comparison)Source
401(k) employee contributions$24,500$23,500IRS 401(k) Limit Increases
401(k) catch-up (age 50+)$8,000$7,500Same source
401(k) total (age 50+)$32,500$31,000Same source
IRA contributions (traditional + Roth combined)$7,500$7,000Same source
IRA catch-up (age 50+)$1,100$1,000Same source
IRA total (age 50+)$8,600$8,000Same source
SIMPLE IRA employee contributions$17,000$16,500IRS COLA Increases for Benefits and Contributions
SIMPLE IRA catch-up (age 50+)$4,000$3,500Same source
SEP IRA maximum contribution$72,000$70,000Same source

Participants who attain ages 60 to 63 during 2026 may have higher catch-up limits: $11,250 for most 401(k) plans and $5,250 for SIMPLE plans. Source: IRS COLA Increases.

For the strategy behind what to do with an old employer plan, read: What to do with your 401(k) when you retire.

HSA Contribution Limits (2026)

Health Savings Account limits for 2026, sourced to IRS Revenue Procedure 2025-19. These matter if you are on a high-deductible health plan before Medicare.

ItemSelf-only coverageFamily coverageSource
Maximum annual HSA contribution$4,400$8,750IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-19
HDHP minimum annual deductible$1,700$3,400Same source
HDHP maximum annual out-of-pocket$8,500$17,000Same source
Catch-up contribution (age 55+)$1,000$1,000IRS Publication 969

With the catch-up, the maximum totals are $5,400 (self-only) or $9,750 (family) for someone age 55 or older. Each qualifying spouse must make their own $1,000 catch-up to that spouse's separate HSA.

For the strategy behind bridging the gap between retirement and Medicare, read: The healthcare gap: covering yourself from retirement to Medicare.

ACA / Healthcare for Early Retirees

ACA premium subsidy thresholds for 2026, sourced to HHS and IRS. These matter if you retire before Medicare eligibility at 65.

ACA subsidy eligibility

Figure2026 ValueSource
Premium tax credit income range100% to 400% of the federal poverty level (FPL)IRS Premium Tax Credit
Income definitionModified adjusted gross income (MAGI)Same source

A temporary rule allowing premium tax credit eligibility above 400% of FPL applied through tax year 2025; the 400% upper limit generally applies again for 2026. Individuals enrolled in Medicare are not eligible for the premium tax credit.

2026 federal poverty guidelines (48 contiguous states and DC)

Household size100% FPL400% FPL
1$15,960$63,840
2$21,640$86,560
3$27,320$109,280
4$33,000$132,000
5$38,680$154,720
6$44,360$177,440
7$50,040$200,160
8$55,720$222,880

Add $5,680 per additional person for 100% FPL, or $22,720 per additional person for 400% FPL. Source: HHS ASPE, 2026 Poverty Guidelines. Also see Healthcare.gov: save on monthly premiums.

For the strategy behind bridging the gap between retirement and Medicare, read: The healthcare gap: covering yourself from retirement to Medicare.

What these numbers mean for your plan

These numbers are the starting point, not the plan. If you want help turning them into a retirement strategy that fits your situation, learn how we work or see our flat-fee pricing.

Frequently asked questions

What is the 2026 Social Security COLA increase?
The 2026 cost-of-living adjustment (COLA) is 2.8%, applied to benefits payable beginning January 2026. The 2025 COLA was 2.5%. Source: SSA 2026 COLA Fact Sheet.
What is the 2026 Social Security taxable wage base?
The 2026 taxable wage base is $184,500, up from $176,100 in 2025. Medicare taxable earnings have no cap. Source: SSA Contribution and Benefit Base.
What is the average Social Security retirement benefit in 2026?
The average retirement benefit is $2,071 per month for all retired workers as of January 2026, after the 2.8% COLA. Source: SSA 2026 COLA Fact Sheet.
What is the 2026 Social Security earnings test limit?
The limit is $24,480 per year if you're below full retirement age for the entire year, with $1 withheld for every $2 earned above it. In the year you reach full retirement age, the limit rises to $65,160, with $1 withheld for every $3. There is no limit after you reach full retirement age. Source: SSA: Receiving Benefits While Working.
How much will Medicare Part B cost in 2026?
The standard Part B premium is $202.90 per month, up from $185.00 in 2025. Higher-income beneficiaries pay more through IRMAA surcharges. Source: CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B.
What are the 2026 IRMAA brackets for single filers?
IRMAA surcharges begin when 2024 MAGI exceeds $109,000 for single filers, ranging from $81.20 to $487.00 per month on top of the standard Part B premium. Source: CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B.
What are the 2026 IRMAA brackets for married filing jointly?
IRMAA surcharges begin when 2024 MAGI exceeds $218,000 for joint filers, ranging from $81.20 to $487.00 per month on top of the standard Part B premium. Source: CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B.
What is the 2026 Medicare Part A deductible?
The inpatient hospital deductible is $1,736 per benefit period. About 99% of beneficiaries pay no Part A premium. Source: CMS 2026 Medicare Parts A & B.
What is the 2026 RMD age?
The RMD age is 73 for individuals born 1951 through 1959. It increases to 75 for those born in 1960 or later, effective 2033. Source: IRS Retirement Topics, RMDs.
What is the 2026 standard deduction for seniors over 65?
The standard deduction is $16,100 (single) or $32,200 (married filing jointly), plus an additional $2,050 (single) or $1,650 (married) for age 65 or older. A new senior deduction of up to $6,000 is also available for 2025 through 2028. Source: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-32.
What are the 2026 401(k) and IRA contribution limits?
The 401(k) employee contribution limit is $24,500, or $32,500 with the catch-up at age 50 or older. The IRA contribution limit is $7,500, or $8,600 with the catch-up at age 50 or older. Source: IRS 401(k) Limit Increases.
What are the 2026 HSA contribution limits?
The HSA contribution limit is $4,400 for self-only coverage and $8,750 for family coverage, plus a $1,000 catch-up if you're age 55 or older. Source: IRS Rev. Proc. 2025-19.

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